Neuroscience of Learning

2022-02-26 18:49:25 #mind_reading

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2022-02-26 18:46:15 HOME GENERAL KNOWLEDGE GK FACTS What is Mind-reading machine? Mind reading machine refer to the Interpretation of human thought/cognition by brain activity without depending on speech or action. It can also predict the mental state or human behavior. GAURAV… باز کردن / نظر دهید

2022-02-26 18:45:57 HOME GENERAL KNOWLEDGE GK FACTS

What is Mind-reading machine?

Mind reading machine refer to the Interpretation of human thought/cognition by brain activity without depending on speech or action. It can also predict the mental state or human behavior.

GAURAV KUMARCREATED

What is Mind-reading machine?

Have you ever imagine what if, whatever your brain is thinking that can be displayed over a computer screen. In that case it might be the matter of worry but hold on it can also be used for the welfare of the society.

At the University of California, Researchers have developed a new mind reading machine which can translate human thoughts into text. They say that it works by interpreting the consonants and vowels in our brains and works on analyzing the combination of consonants and vowels that we use while constructing sentences in our brain.

Researchers also claim that it can translate up to the accuracy rate of 90 percent or more and can be useful for people who are unable to speak, as reported by the Daily Mail.

Study leader David Moses said to The SUN: “No published work has demonstrated real-time classification of sentences from neural signals .Given the performance exhibited by [the machine] in this work and its capacity for expansion, we are confident in its ability to serve as a platform for the proposed speech prosthetic device.”

The study is based on the Brain Computer interface (BCI) which is based on the Hans Berger's discovery of the electrical activity of the human brain and the development of electroencephalography(EEG).

In 1924 Berger was the first to record human brain activity by means of EEG.

But, the Research on BCI has started in 1970 at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) under a grant from the National Science Foundation.

How does it work?

Its functioning is divided into three parts:

     1. Electrodes implanted in brain.
     2. Computer translates electrical signals.
     3. Thoughts appear on screen as words.

Benefits of Mind reading Machine.

     1. It can give voice and movement to the paralyzed people.
     2. It can communicate with the patient in Coma.
     3. It can also be used for police and military purposes.

However, critics are not much optimistic about it and are fearful regarding its dire consequences if secret or embarrassing human thoughts are exposed accidentally.

Uri Geller, well-known celebrity mind-reader said that: “I can imagine circumstances where it may reveal some hugely embarrassing thoughts".

“This will strike fear into some people because we all have hidden secrets!”

Note: The device was developed at the University of California and detailed in the Journal of Neural Engineering.

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2022-02-26 18:36:47 Mind Control, Mind Reading and other real-life science fiction stuff Xiomara Figueroa There’s a book on my bookshelf I read a while ago (The Brain Electric) that reminded me of my obsession with all things ‘neuro’. I’ve always been fascinating with how… باز کردن / نظر دهید

2022-02-26 18:36:09 Mind Control, Mind Reading and other real-life science fiction stuff

Xiomara Figueroa


There’s a book on my bookshelf I read a while ago (The Brain Electric) that reminded me of my obsession with all things ‘neuro’. I’ve always been fascinating with how our brain defines us as humans, yet in many ways, we know very little about it.

The book illustrates the field’s exciting potential not only to aid the disabled but to enhance human abilities altogether. It appears possible that even healthy people might someday have the option of merging their brains with computers.

Wait, What? That’s BS! (Bad Science)

We need to start somewhere to get to a future in which people will communicate with computers, and even to one another just by using our thoughts. This book takes us into the gritty labs of the surgeons who have been doing the hard work for the past 15 years. They all are in competition for the next big DARPA grant (The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) and, of course, the Nobel Prize that is almost certain to be awarded to the best of them.

The author takes us through procedure after procedure in which doctors breach skulls, and implant arrays of electrodes into the brains of rats, monkeys, and epileptic humans (I know) in attempts to get neurons communicating meaningfully with computers.

There have already been a number of significant breakthroughs: A paraplegic woman thinks a robot arm to feed herself; a monkey whose arms and hands are restrained plays a video game; and the brains of two rats are linked in a way that gets the actions of one to affect the actions of the other.

So amazing, so promising but frustratingly primitive. The brain has 100 billion neurons, but even the most sophisticated implants can track only a few hundred. Within weeks or months the immune system invariably attacks the implanted electrodes, rendering many of them useless, and the brain changes so rapidly that connections often have to be recalibrated daily to keep them working properly.

From science fiction to real life

Although there’s still much about the human brain that we don’t know, historically, we have been building what our minds have imagined is possible through technology. At this point we have a better idea of what we are capable of creating, even transforming our lives as we know it.

These possibilities also prompt to some ethical questions. What happens when we allow someone or something else inside our brain? Do we open ourselves up to mind reading, or mind control? At some point, are we going to be able to be hacked? Many of us are not part of the decisions that are made and will be made while large areas of our lives are being (or are going to be) rewritten and replaced by technology without our consent.

This is stuff we should feel free to discuss without being laughed at. Even if it turns out that mind control (to mention one thing) is imposible, it’s important to understand why it’s imposible. We cannot foresee how big the impact of these advances are and that’s both a concern and a desire. That is why I think we should advocate for a more responsible way of building technology safely, and I would also add, transparently.

The book ends with a reminder of just how brain science is still in a very early stage. Quoting Dr. Schwartz: “We have no idea what makes a neuron fire…, and that’s at the root of everything.” But you have to start somewhere, right?

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2022-02-25 09:30:04 @neuroscienceandlearning باز کردن / نظر دهید

2022-02-25 09:29:48 @neuroscienceandlearning باز کردن / نظر دهید

2022-02-24 23:09:50 #cognitive_biases

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2022-02-23 20:21:04 از سویی این تفنگ‌ها به شکلی طراحی شده‌اند که خاموش کردن آن‌ها کار بسیار سختی است، این موضوعی است که شاید به این منجر شود که انسان دیگر نتواند این سلاح‌ها را کنترل کند. هوش مصنوعی با برنامه درست اما بدون تصمیم گیری: این اتفاق زمانی رخ می‌دهد که شما اهداف یک… باز کردن / نظر دهید

2022-02-23 20:20:28 از سویی این تفنگ‌ها به شکلی طراحی شده‌اند که خاموش کردن آن‌ها کار بسیار سختی است، این موضوعی است که شاید به این منجر شود که انسان دیگر نتواند این سلاح‌ها را کنترل کند.
هوش مصنوعی با برنامه درست اما بدون تصمیم گیری: این اتفاق زمانی رخ می‌دهد که شما اهداف یک هوش مصنوعی را با اهداف خودتان به طور کامل یکسان نکنید. مثلا اگر از یک خودروی مجهز به هوش مصنوعی بخواهید شما را به سریع‌ترین شکل ممکن به فرودگاه برساند، ممکن است با پیامدهای مرگباری روبه رو شوید.
ابر هوش مصنوعی: به طور کلی ابر هوش مصنوعی، سیستمی تکامل یافته است که از انسان باهوش‌تر است و برای رسیدن به اهدافش هرکاری انجام می‌دهد. اگر این اهداف، با اهداف انسان‌ها مطابقت نداشته باشد در آن صورت مشکلات فراوانی به وجود می‌آید. برای مثال در تحقیقی که سال ۲۰۰۲ توسط بولتون درباره هوش مصنوعی انجام شده آمده است: «زمانی که اولین ابرهوش غیرقابل نفوذ ساخته شود این امکان وجود دارد که با انتخاب اهداف اشتباه برای آن منجر به نابودی بشر شویم. برای مثال شما از آن دستگاه می‌خواهید یک مسئله ریاضی را حل کند و این دستگاه برای این کار تمام مواد منظومه شمسی را به یک ماشین حساب تبدیل کند.»
ماشین به جای انسان: جدا از این ها از جایگزینی ماشین ها هم نباید غافل شد. بر اساس تحقیقات انجام‌ شده تا سال 2030 روبات‌ها 21 درصد از مشاغل در ژاپن، 30 درصد از مشاغل در انگلستان، 35 درصد از مشاغل در آلمان و 38 درصد از مشاغل در ایالات‌متحده آمریکا را به خود اختصاص خواهند داد.
  پایان جهان با هوش مصنوعی
این ترس وجود دارد که جهان توسط هوش مصنوعی به پایان برسد، درست مانند چیزی که در فیلم ترمیناتور اتفاق افتاد. استفن هاوکینگ، ایلان ماسک، استیووازنیاک، بیل گیتس و بسیاری دیگر از نام‌های بزرگ در زمینه علم و فناوری، مدت‌هاست که در رسانه‌ها و نامه‌های سرگشاده‌ خود، درباره خطرات ناشی از هوش مصنوعی ابراز نگرانی کرده اند. خطراتی که می‌تواند به مجرمان این امکان را بدهد تا با سرعت و دقت بیشتری و با کمترین زحمت و احتمال ردیابی، به انجام سرقت، قتل‌های زنجیره‌ای، فریب افراد و کلاهبرداری‌های تلفنی و اینترنتی بپردازند. باز کردن / نظر دهید