Some of the victims are very distressed, homeless or psychotic | متون حقوقی

Some of the victims are very distressed, homeless or psychotic, and not easily accessible to interviewers. Young men who usually experience a lot of violence are often either black or exposed to violence instead of interviewing about violence. Some types of crime do not have a specific victim and are therefore unlikely to be reported: such as illegal environmental pollution.
The value of such surveys, however, is that they correct very low estimates of crime rates resulting from "underreporting" and "underreporting." Many abuses are not reported to the police because those who have to report them are either too intimidated or too embarrassed (for example, in sexual assaults), or they consider the offense trivial, or they do not want to be interrogated. Some prefer to deal with offenders in their own way, especially when the offenders are teenagers. Some violations are not recorded even if they are reported, the least of which is due to statistical considerations. Reporters may not be trusted and may find their statements to be hateful. Reporting the story may seem trivial. An increase in the number of registered crimes that remain unsolved could mean police incompetence. The end result of underreporting and underreporting is that there is a very low estimate of the crime rate, which victim surveys correct to some extent. It is conceivable that these surveys will eventually one day replace official police statistics, but only in the case of general crimes such as extortion, theft, and petty assault (Mayhew et al., 1989).
Criminal correction
The criminologist is usually a scientist, not a social or judicial reformer, and only prepares and interprets research findings. It is the activists and social activists who promote and propagate these findings if they are consistent with their goals. But this distinction is often blurred in practice. The subject of criminological research - for example, the negative effects of imprisonment - is usually determined by the research funding institution, and even when the choice is the responsibility of the researcher, it may have traces of his or her ideology. Fortunately, there are criminologists whose honesty leads to reporting unexpected or unusual findings - such as when they find that judicial reformers are studying the negative effects of imprisonment (see Bottoms and Light, 1987, ch. 8).
Article Source:
AutoWitt, William. Batamor, Tom; (2013), The Culture of Social Sciences of the Twentieth Century, translated by Hassan Chavoshian, Tehran: Nashr-e Ney, first edition
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