دو مقاله‌ی علمی در باره‌ی کورش، اسطوره‌ی ملی‌گرایی‌ی باستان‌گر | زیر سقف آسمان
دو مقاله‌ی علمی در باره‌ی کورش، اسطوره‌ی ملی‌گرایی‌ی باستان‌گرایانه در ایران معاصر
(تقدیم به مخاطبان علاقه‌مند و جست‌وجوگر)
۱۰ دی ۱۴۰۰
مقاله‌ی اول: https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/cyrus-the-great-exiles-and-foreign-gods-a-comparison-of-assyrian-
برخی نکات مهم مقاله‌ی اول: سه پیش‌فرض از اساس خطا در باره‌ی تساهل دینی‌ی کورش
The idea of Cyrus as the champion of religious tolerance rests on three fundamentally erroneous assumptions. In the first place, it rests on an anachronistic perception of ancient political discourse. In antiquity, no discourse on religious tolerance existed. Religion was deeply embedded in society, in political structures, in daily life. This is true for the ancient Sumerian city-states, for the Athenian city-state and for the Roman Republic. Especially for expanding empires, authorities had to face the problem of encompassing a variety of political constructs with their religious concepts embedded in them. Sometimes this led to harsh treatment of subdued people and destructions of temples, but empires typically accepted a certain amount of multiformity in order not to provoke rebellion. In addition, polytheism was the normal type of religion in antiquity, which made it easier to accept the existence and also to respect the power of foreign gods. It is not a coincidence that suppression of religion often had something to do with monotheistic religions.
مقاله‌ی دوم: https://www.eiu.edu/historia/Cyrus%20the%20Mythical.pdf
برخی نکات مهم مقاله‌ی دوم: کورش اسطوره‌ای در ایران مدرن محصول تاریخ دراماتیزه شده و ادراکی تخیلی-داستانی از یک ره‌بر بزرگ
In the end, it seems clear that Cyrus the Great remains well-remembered in modern Iran. While this memory may not be an entirely accurate or justified one, given the vast disparities among the parties who invoke his memory, it is nonetheless the product of the “Cyrus myth.” The development of this legend over thousands of years is a testament to how easily ancient history can become construed and dramatized by the personal biases of our sources and their pursuit of narrative goals. Through antique carvings like the Cyrus Cylinder, which glorified Cyrus as the greatest king of his day, to classical and biblical sources who sought to mold the king into their idealized version of leadership, the truth of who the founder of the Achaemenid Empire really was has been lost to history. What remains is a heavily fictionalized perception of a great leader, and an example of how tradition and myth can combine to create a lasting and persistent image in our collective memory.
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